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ECONOMIES OF SCALE: Declining long-run average cost that occurs as a firm increases all inputs and expands its scale of production. This is graphically illustrated by a negatively-sloped long-run average cost curve and typically occurs for relatively small levels of production. Economies of scale are then overwhelmed by diseconomies of scale for relatively large production levels. Together, economies of scale and diseconomies of scale cause the long-run average cost curve to be U-shaped.
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AGGREGATE EXPENDITURES LINE A graphical depiction of the relation between aggregate expenditures by the four macroeconomic sectors (household, business, government, and foreign) and the level of aggregate income or production. In Keynesian economics, the aggregate expenditures line is the essential component of the Keynesian cross analysis used to identify equilibrium income and production. Like any straight line, the aggregate expenditures line is characterized by vertical intercept, which indicates autonomous expenditures, and slope, which indicates induced expenditures. The aggregate expenditures line used in Keynesian economics is derived by adding or stacking investment, government purchases, and net exports to the consumption line.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store wanting to buy either car battery jumper cables or a dozen high trajectory optic orange golf balls. Be on the lookout for strangers with large satchels of used undergarments.
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The first U.S. fire insurance company was established by Benjamin Franklin in 1752 in Philadelphia.
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"Progress begins with the belief that what is necessary is possible. " -- Norman Cousins, editor, writer
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WFTU
World Federation of Trade Unions
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