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BUSINESS CYCLES: The recurring expansions and contractions of the national economy (usually measured by real gross domestic product). A complete cycle typically lasts from three to five years, but could last ten years or more. It is divided into four phases -- expansion, peak, contraction, and trough. Unemployment inevitably rises during contractions and inflation tends to worsen during expansions. To avoid the inflation and unemployment problems of business cycles, the federal government frequently undertakes various fiscal and monetary policies.
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GOVERNMENT FAILURES Inefficiencies in the allocation of resources attributable to imperfections in the operation of governments. Government failures are based on the utility-maximizing behavior of politicians, voters, nonvoters, special interest groups, and government employees. The identification and analysis of government failures is central to the study of public choice and offers something of a counterbalance to government actions designed to address the inefficiencies of market failures.
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YELLOW CHIPPEROON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching for a specialty store seeking to buy either a flower arrangement for that special day for your mother or a New York Yankees baseball cap. Be on the lookout for poorly written technical manuals.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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Rosemary, long associated with remembrance, was worn as wreaths by students in ancient Greece during exams.
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"The truth of the matter is that you always know the right thing to do. The hard part is doing it." -- Norman Schwarzkopf, US Army general
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EEH
Explorations in Economic History
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