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BALANCED-BUDGET MULTIPLIER: The ratio of the change in aggregate output (GDP) to a change in government spending, which are matched by an equal change in taxes. This is termed a balanced-budget multiplier because the change in spending is matched by the change in taxes and thus the government's budget deficit or surplus is neither increased nor decreased. If the government had a balanced budget before the changes, then it has one after the changes.
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LEAKAGES LINE A graphical representation of the relation between the level of aggregate production and one or more leakages. The three leakages (non-consumption uses of the income generated from aggregate production) are saving, taxes, and imports. The leakages line sequentially adds, or layers, each of these three uses of income depending on the number of sectors used in the analysis (two, three, or four). The slope of the leakages line depends on which if any of the uses of income are induced by aggregate production. The leakages line is combined with the injections line (containing investment expenditures, government purchases, and exports) in the Keynesian injections-leakages model.
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Natural gas has no odor. The smell is added artificially so that leaks can be detected.
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"The truth is not for all men, but only for those who seek it. " -- Ayn Rand, writer
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EER
European Economic Review
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