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PLANNED ECONOMY: An economy, or economic system, that relies heavily on central planning by government to allocate resources and answer the three basic questions of allocation. This is also commonly termed a command economy. A planned economy should be contrasted with a market-oriented economy, or capitalism. One the big spectrum of economy systems, a planned economy lies much closer to the pure command economy extreme than to the pure market economy end. The former Soviet Union and China represent the most noted examples of planned economies.
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UNDERGROUND ECONOMY Illegal and unreported market transactions and productive activity that escape the watchful eyes of official record keepers. By most estimates, a substantial amount of productive activity takes place in the underground economy of the United States. Of course, these are only estimates because such activity, by definition, goes unreported. If activity in the underground economy is added to official activity in the "overground" economy, then gross domestic product could be boosted by as much as 25 percent to 50 percent, or more. Inclusion of employment in the underground economy is also likely reduce the official unemployment rate by a few percentage points.
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Francis Bacon (1561-1626), a champion of the scientific method, died when he caught a severe cold while attempting to preserve a chicken by filling it with snow.
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"Nothing so conclusively proves a man's ability to lead others as what he does from day to day to lead himself." -- Thomas J. Watson, IBM founder
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L/C
Letter of Credit
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