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BUSINESS CYCLE PHASES: The recurring, but irregular, pattern of business cycles can be divided into two basic phases -- expansion and contraction. An expansion is a period of increasing economic activity and a contraction is a period of declining economic activity. These two phases are marked by two transitions. The transition from expansion to contraction is termed a peak and the transition from contraction to expansion is termed a trough. The early portion of an expansion is often referred to as a recovery.
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INFLATION PROBLEMS Two notable problems are associated with inflation--uncertainty and haphazard redistribution. Inflation, especially inflation that varies from month to month and year to year, makes long-term planning quite difficult. Prices, wages, taxes, interest rates, and other nominal values that enter into consumer, business, and government planning decisions can be significantly affected by inflation. Moreover, inflation tends to redistribute income and wealth in a haphazard manner--some people win and some people lose. This redistribution might not be that desired by society, failing to promote any of the basic economic goals of efficiency, equity, stability, growth, or full-employment.
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WHITE GULLIBON
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at the confiscated property police auction looking to buy either a pair of designer sunglasses or looseleaf notebook paper. Be on the lookout for gnomes hiding in cypress trees.
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The Dow Jones family of stock market price indexes began with a simple average of 11 stock prices in 1884.
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"I was always looking outside myself for strength and confidence, but it comes from within. It is there all the time. " -- Anna Freud, psychologist
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