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POLLUTION TYPES: Pollution residuals fall into one of three categories--degradable, nondegradeable, and persistent. Damage done by each type, and thus external cost, typically varies. At one extreme are degradable residuals and at the other are nondegradable. In the middle are persistent residuals.
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LOGROLLING The trading of votes to ensure a favorable outcome for two or more separate decisions. Logrolling occurs when each of two people agree to vote for the other's project to ensure that both are passed. A votes for B and B votes for A. Logrolling is commonly used when neither decision is able to obtain the necessary majority of the votes needed for passage on their own accord. Explicit logrolling is when each of two voters agree to cast separate votes for two separate programs. Implicit logrolling is when two separate programs or policies are combined into a single package, which is then subject to a single vote. Logrolling can generate either an efficient or an inefficient allocation of resources, meaning that efficiency is irrelevant to the logrolling process.
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In the late 1800s and early 1900s, almost 2 million children were employed as factory workers.
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"Concentrate all your thoughts upon the work at hand. The sun's rays do not burn until brought to a focus." -- Alexander Graham Bell, inventor
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IADB
Inter-American Development Bank
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