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TAX PROPORTIONALITY: The proportion of income paid in taxes at different levels of income. In some taxes the proportion of income paid in taxes increases with income in other cases it decreases. And in still other cases, it remains the same. The three basic types of taxes are proportional taxes, progressive taxes, and regressive taxes. Because almost everyone would like to pay fewer taxes (and presumably have others pay more), tax proportionality is a the center of political controversy. Higher incomes prefer regressive taxes and lower incomes prefer regressive taxes.
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LEGAL RESERVES The combination of vault cash and Federal Reserve deposits that banks can legally use to satisfy government reserve requirements. Legal reserves, which can also be considered total reserves, are divided between require reserves and excess reserves. Required reserves are used to back up deposits and process daily transactions, while excess reserves are then available for interest-paying loans.
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Francis Bacon (1561-1626), a champion of the scientific method, died when he caught a severe cold while attempting to preserve a chicken by filling it with snow.
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"Being defeated is only a temporary condition; giving up is what makes it permanent." -- Marilyn vos Savant, Author
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AEA
American Economic Association
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