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IMPLEMENTATION LAG: In the context of economic policies, the time between the realization that a shock to the economy has occurred and corrective government action responding to the shock. This is one of several policy lags that limit the effectiveness of stabilization policies designed to correct business-cycle fluctuations. This is also one of two inside lags. The other is a recognition lag. The implementation lag, which is often divided into decision and action lags, emerges due to the time it takes for government leaders to debate, discuss, and decide on the appropriate policy then get the appropriate government agencies to launch the policy. The implementation lag is usually shorter for monetary policy than fiscal policy.
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GOOD TYPES The economy produces four distinct types of goods based on two key characteristics -- consumption rivalry and nonpayer excludability. Consumption rivalry arises if consumption of a good by one person prevents another from also consuming. Nonpayer excludability means potential consumers who do not pay for a good can be excluded from consuming. Private goods are rival in consumption and easily subject to the exclusion of nonpayers. Public goods are nonrival in consumption and the exclusion of nonpayers is virtually impossible. Near-public goods are nonrival in consumption and easily subject to exclusion. Common-property goods are rival in consumption and not easily subject to exclusion. Private goods can be efficiently exchanged through markets. Public, near-public and common-property goods cannot, but require some degree of government involvement for efficiency.
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Post WWI induced hyperinflation in German in the early 1900s raised prices by 726 million times from 1918 to 1923.
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"Life is a promise; fulfill it. " -- Mother Teresa, humanitarian
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GMM
Generalized Method of Moments
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