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VOLUNTARY EXCHANGE: The process of willingly trading one item for another. The emphasis here is on "willingly." Voluntary exchanges are the heart and soul of market transactions, and should be contrasted with the "involuntary" exchanges mandated by government taxes, laws, and regulations. While involuntary government-forced exchanges play an important role in a mixed economy, economists really, really like voluntary market exchanges because they promote economic efficiency.
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CONCENTRATION RATIOS A family of measures of the proportion of total output in an industry that is produced by a given number of the largest firms in the industry. The two most common concentration ratios are for the four largest firms and the eight largest firms. The four-firm concentration ratio is the proportion of total output produced by the four largest firms in the industry and the eight-firm concentration ratio is proportion of total output produced by the eight largest firms in the industry. Concentration ratios are commonly used to indicate the degree to which an industry is oligopolistic and the extent of market control of the largest firms in the industry. A related measure is the Herfindahl index.
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PURPLE SMARPHIN
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time waiting for visits from door-to-door solicitors wanting to buy either a weathervane with a horse on top or a case of blank recordable DVDs. Be on the lookout for celebrities who speak directly to you through your television.
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Cyrus McCormick not only invented the reaper for harvesting grain, he also invented the installment payment for selling his reaper.
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"If football taught me anything about business, it is that you win the game one play at a time." -- Fran Tarkenton, Football Player
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FIRA
Foreign Investment Review Agency
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