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ACCOUNTING COST: The actual outlays or expenses incurred in production that shows up a firm's accounting statements or records. Accounting costs, while very important to accountants, company CEOs, shareholders, and the Internal Revenue Service, is only minimally important to economists. The reason is that economists are primarily interested in economic cost (also called opportunity cost). That fact is that accounting costs and economic costs aren't always the same. An opportunity or economic cost is the value of foregone production. Some economic costs, actually a lot of economic opportunity costs, never show up as accounting costs. Moreover, some accounting costs, while legal, bonified payments by a firm, are not associated with any sort of opportunity cost.
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ASSUMPTIONS, KEYNESIAN ECONOMICS The macroeconomic study of Keynesian economics relies on three key assumptions--rigid prices, effective demand, and savings-investment determinants. First, rigid or inflexible prices prevent some markets from achieving equilibrium in the short run. Second, effective demand means that consumption expenditures are based on actual income, not full employment or equilibrium income. Lastly, important savings and investment determinants include income, expectations, and other influences beyond the interest rate. These three assumptions imply that the economy can achieve a short-run equilibrium at less than full-employment production.
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WHITE GULLIBON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at the confiscated property police auction seeking to buy either a pair of designer sunglasses or looseleaf notebook paper. Be on the lookout for mail order catalogs with hidden messages.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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Three-forths of the gold mined each year is used to manufacture jewelry.
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"An idea is never given to you without you being given the power to make it reality." -- Richard Bach, Author
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OECD
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
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