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PERFECT COMPETITION, LONG-RUN EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS: The long-run equilibrium of a perfectly competitive industry generates six specific equilibrium conditions, including: (1) economic efficiency (P = MC), (2) profit maximization (MR = MC), (3) perfect competition (MR = AR = P), (4) breakeven output (P = AR = ATC), (5) minimum production cost (MC = ATC), and (6) minimum efficient scale (MC = ATC = LRAC = LRMC).
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ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION Information is not equally available to everyone. Asymmetric information results because efficient information search inevitably stops short of compete information. Some people obtain more benefits from information than others, are willing to incur higher search costs, and thus end up knowing more. Or they incur lower information search costs and have easier access to the information. In a market, sellers tend to have more information about the good than buyers. Asymmetric information gives rise to adverse selection, moral hazard, and the principal-agent problem. These problems can be lessened through signalling and screening.
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PURPLE SMARPHIN
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time surfing the Internet seeking to buy either handcrafted decorations to hang on your walls or throw pillows for your bed. Be on the lookout for pencil sharpeners with an attitude.
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Junk bonds are so called because they have a better than 50% chance of default, carrying a Standard & Poor's rating of CC or lower.
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"You can't use up creativity. The more you use, the more you have. " -- Maya Angelou, poet
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