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BALANCE OF PAYMENTS SURPLUS: An imbalance in a nation's balance of payments in which payments made by the country are less than payments received by the country. This is also termed a favorable balance of payments. It's considered favorable because more currency is flowing into the country than is flowing out. Such an unequal flow of currency will expand the supply of money in the nation and subsequently cause a decrease in the exchange rate relative to the currencies of other nations. This then has implications for inflation, unemployment, production, and other facets of the domestic economy. A balance of trade surplus is often the source of a balance of payments surplus, but other payments can turn a balance of trade surplus into a balance of payments deficit.
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DUOPOLY An oligopoly market structure containing exactly two firms. As an oligopoly, duopoly exhibits the oligopolistic characteristics and undertakes oligopolistic behavior, such as barriers to entry, interdependent actions, and nonprice competition. While duopoly, in its purest form of EXACTLY two firms in the industry, is seldom found in the real world, it does provide an excellent, easy to use illustration of oligopoly. In fact, most instructional analysis of oligopoly generally assumes a two-firm, duopoly market.
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Junk bonds are so called because they have a better than 50% chance of default, carrying a Standard & Poor's rating of CC or lower.
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"Think not of yourself as the architect of your career but as the sculptor. Expect to have to do a lot of hard hammering and chiseling and scraping and polishing. " -- B. C. Forbes, founder, Forbes magazine
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BEA
Bureau of Economic Analisys
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