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PERFECT COMPETITION, LONG-RUN PRODUCTION ANALYSIS: In the long run, a perfectly competitive firm adjusts plant size, or the quantity of capital, to maximize long-run profit. In addition, the entry and exit of firms into and out of a perfectly competitive market guarantees that each perfectly competitive firm earns nothing more or less than a normal profit. As a perfectly competitive industry reacts to changes in demand, it traces out positive, negative, or horizontal long-run supply curve due to increasing, decreasing, or constant cost.
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INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE A given proportional change in all resources in the long run results in a proportional greater change in production. Increasing returns to scale exists if a firm increases ALL resources--labor, capital, and other inputs--by a given proportion (say 10 percent) and output increases by more than this proportion (that is more than 10 percent). This is one of three returns to scale. The other two are decreasing returns to scale and constant returns to scale.
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GREEN LOGIGUIN
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a crowded estate auction trying to buy either storage boxes for your income tax returns or an AC adapter for your CD player. Be on the lookout for door-to-door salesmen.
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The 1909 Lincoln penny was the first U.S. coin with the likeness of a U.S. President.
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"When we do the best that we can, we never know what miracle is wrought in our life, or in the life of another." -- Helen Keller
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JE
Journal of Econometrics
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