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BUSINESS CYCLE: The recurring expansions and contractions of the national economy (usually measured by real gross domestic product). A complete cycle typically lasts from three to five years, but could last ten years or more. It is divided into four phases -- expansion, peak, contraction, and trough. Unemployment inevitably rises during contractions and inflation tends to worsen during expansions. To avoid the inflation and unemployment problems of business cycles, the federal government frequently undertakes various fiscal and monetary policies.
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INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE A given proportional change in all resources in the long run results in a proportional greater change in production. Increasing returns to scale exists if a firm increases ALL resources--labor, capital, and other inputs--by a given proportion (say 10 percent) and output increases by more than this proportion (that is more than 10 percent). This is one of three returns to scale. The other two are decreasing returns to scale and constant returns to scale.
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BLUE PLACIDOLA
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching the newspaper want ads looking to buy either a 200-foot blue garden hose or a video camera with stop action features. Be on the lookout for the last item on a shelf.
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One of the largest markets for gold in the United States is the manufacturing of class rings.
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"Ships are safe in harbor. But that is not what ships are for." -- Anonymous
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NABB
National Association of Business Brokers
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