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RIVAL CONSUMPTION: Consumption of a good by one person imposes a cost on, or prevents consumption of the good by, another person. Some goods, like food, have extremely rival consumption. One person, and only one person, gets the benefit. Other goods, like national defense, have no consumption rivalry, everyone can benefit simultaneously without imposing a cost on others. This is one of the two key characteristics of a good (the other is excludability) that distinguishes between common-property goods, near-public goods, private goods, and public goods.
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DISCOUNT RATE The interest rate charged by the Federal Reserve System (the Fed) for loans to commercial banks, which in principle can be used as a means of a controlling the money supply. An increase in the money supply can be achieved when the Fed lowers the discount rate. A decrease in the money supply can be achieved when the Fed raises the discount rate. The discount rate, which is set by Federal Reserve Banks, subject to approval by the Board of Governors, is used more to signal changes in monetary policy rather than to actually control the money supply. The discount rate is one of the three monetary policy tools that the Fed can use, in principle, to control the money supply. The other two are open market operations and reserve requirements.
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GREEN LOGIGUIN
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time driving to a factory outlet hoping to buy either a graduation present for your niece or nephew or a toaster oven that has convection cooking. Be on the lookout for cardboard boxes.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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Al Capone's business card said he was a used furniture dealer.
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"If you worried about falling off the bike, you'd never get on. " -- Lance Armstrong, bicycle racer
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ILS
Indirect Least Squares, International Labor Standards
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