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HERFINDAHL-HIRSHMAN INDEX: A measure of concentration of the production in an industry that's calculated as the sum of the squares of market shares for each firm. This is an alternative method of summarizing the degree to which an industry is oligopolistic and the relative concentration of market power held by the largest firms in the industry. The Herfindahl index gives a better indication of the relative market control of the largest firms than can be found with the four-firm and eight-firm concentration ratios.

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DECREASING-COST INDUSTRY: A perfectly competitive industry with a negatively-sloped long-run industry supply curve that results because expansion of the industry causes lower production cost and resource prices. For a decreasing-cost industry the entry of new firms, prompted by an increase in demand, causes the long-run average supply curve of each firm to shift downward, which decreases the minimum efficient scale of production.

     See also | perfect competition | supply | supply curve | industry | demand increase | minimum efficient scale | production cost | resource prices | economies of scale | increasing-cost industry | constant-cost industry |


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DECREASING-COST INDUSTRY, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: October 30, 2024].


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AVERAGE TOTAL COST

Total cost per unit of output, found by dividing total cost by the quantity of output. When compared with price (per unit revenue), average total cost (ATC) indicates the per unit profitability of a profit-maximizing firm. Average total cost is one of three average cost concepts important to short-run production analysis. The other two are average fixed cost and average variable cost. A related concept is marginal cost.

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