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LONG-RUN AVERAGE COST: The per unit cost of producing a good or service in the long run when all inputs are variable. In other words, long-run total cost divided by the quantity of output produced. Long-run average cost is based on economies of scale (or increasing returns to scale) and diseconomies of scale (or decreasing returns to scale).
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DEFAULT RISK: The probability that a borrowing agent will not pay in full the agreed interest and/or principal. A default risk can be assigned to any bond or loan agreement. Of course, there are some instruments considered default-risk-free, that is, instruments for which the probability that a borrowing agent will not pay is zero. The most noted examples are the U.S. Treasury securities, which have virtually no default risk because the U.S. government guarantees that all the principal and interest will be repaid. When calculating the risk premium on financial instruments, investors use default-risk-free instruments for comparison. See also | risk | risk premium | bond rating | financial market | commercial paper |
Recommended Citation:DEFAULT RISK, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: October 30, 2024].
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GOVERNMENT BORROWING The acquisition of funds through the financial markets by the government sector which are used to finance government expenditures. In terms of the simple circular flow model, this is one of two basic demands for household saving diverted into financial markets. The other is investment borrowing. Government borrowing is also one of two methods of financing government expenditures. The other is taxes.
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WHITE GULLIBON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time strolling around a discount warehouse buying club seeking to buy either a black duffle bag with velcro closures or any book written by Isaac Asimov. Be on the lookout for the happiest person in the room.
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Before 1933, the U.S. dime was legal as payment only in transactions of $10 or less.
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"Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new. " -- Albert Einstein, physicist
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GMM
Generalized Method of Moments
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