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INCOME-EXPENDITURE MODEL: A macroeconomic model, which captures the essence of Keynesian economics, is based on the equality between total income generated from gross domestic product and total expenditures on gross domestic product. The cornerstone of the income-expenditure model is the consumption function, which relates household consumption expenditures to income and gives rise to the aggregate expenditure line with the addition of investment, government purchases, and net exports. The intersection between the aggregate expenditure line at the 45-degree identifies equilibrium.
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TAX EFFECTS The primary reason that governments collect taxes from members of society is to finance government operations and provide public goods. However, taxes also create disincentives to engage in the taxed activity, which causes a change in the allocation of resources. This two consequences of taxes are summarized in two essential tax effects -- the revenue effect and the allocation effect. While all taxes have both, the key to effective government is minimize the allocation effect if the goal is to generate revenue and to minimize the revenue effect if the goal is to change the allocation of resources.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store wanting to buy either storage boxes for your family photos or a large, stuffed giraffe. Be on the lookout for the happiest person in the room.
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Natural gas has no odor. The smell is added artificially so that leaks can be detected.
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"You can't build a reputation on what you are going to do." -- Henry Ford, automaker
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