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FEDERAL DEFICIT: An excess of federal government spending over tax collections. The federal deficit has been the subject of on-again, off-again debates among vote-seeking politicians and pointy-headed economists for a number of years. The main points of the debate are: (1) the potential crowding out of investment in capital goods, (2) the use of borrowed funds for either "consumption" or "investment" government purchases, and (3) the constraints imposed on fiscal policy. The jury of pointy-heads remains undecided on these issues.
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FREE-RIDER PROBLEM A problem underlying the provision of public goods that occurs when a person consumes or benefits from a good without making payment. The free-rider problem is the primary reason that public goods are produced by governments. Because public goods are characterized by the inability to exclude nonpayers, once a public good is produced anyone, everyone, can consume without making payment, that is, get a "free ride." Voluntary payments like those occurring in markets will not provide enough revenue to pay production costs. The only way to finance public goods is to force free-riders, and everyone else, to pay through government taxes. The free-rider problem also applies to common-property goods.
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PINK FADFLY
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a flea market trying to buy either a flower arrangement with daisies and carnations for your uncle or a coffee cup commemorating next Thursday. Be on the lookout for letters from the Internal Revenue Service.
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The portion of aggregate output U.S. citizens pay in taxes (30%) is less than the other six leading industrialized nations -- Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, or Japan.
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"How wonderful it is that nobody need wait a single moment before starting to improve the world. " -- Anne Frank, diarist
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OCC
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
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