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INDUCED EXPENDITURE: An aggregate expenditure (consumption, investment, government purchases, and net exports) that depends on national income or gross domestic product. These four aggregate expenditures are conveniently separated into two types, induced, which is our current topic of expenditures unrelated to national income or GDP, and autonomous expenditures, expenditures which are unrelated to national income or GDP. Induced expenditures are graphically depicted as the slope of the aggregate expenditures line, and depend in large part on the marginal propensity to consume. The induced relation between income and expenditures form the foundation of the multiplier effect triggered by changes in autonomous expenditures.
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FOUR-SECTOR INJECTIONS-LEAKAGES MODEL A variation of the Keynesian injections-leakages model that adds the foreign sector to the three domestic sectors--the household sector, the business sector, and the government sector. This variation adds the foreign to the three domestic sectors (household, business, and government) in the three-sector model and provides an alternative to the four-sector aggregate expenditures (Keynesian cross). It provides the complete Keynesian representation of the macroeconomy, including the export-import interaction between the domestic economy and the foreign sector. Equilibrium is identified as the intersection between the S + T + M line and the I + G + X line. Two related variations are the two-sector injections-leakages model and the three-sector injections-leakages model.
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BLUE PLACIDOLA
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a going out of business sale wanting to buy either a pair of red and purple designer socks or a T-shirt commemorating Thor Heyerdahl's Pacific crossing aboard the Kon-Tiki. Be on the lookout for strangers with large satchels of used undergarments.
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In 1914, Ford paid workers who were age 22 or older $5 per day -- double the average wage offered by other car factories.
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"The difference between a successful person and others is not a lack of strength, not a lack of knowledge, but rather a lack of will. " -- Vince Lombardi
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MGF
Moment Generating Function
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