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CARTEL: A formal agreement between businesses in the same industry, usually on an international scale, to get market control, raise the market price, and otherwise act like a monopoly. A cartel tends to be unstable because the artificially high prices it sets gives each member of the cartel an incentive to "cheat" with a slightly lower price. When only one member of the cartel lowers the price, it can make oodles of profit by taking customers away from the other members. If they all cheat, the cartel falls apart. While cartels damage efficiency, they're power is often short-lived because of this cheating. Like collusion and other techniques of market control, cartels are illegal in the United States.
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SILVER CERTIFICATES Paper currency issued and authorized by the U.S. Department of the Treasury that is, in principle, backed up by, and exchangeable for, an equivalent value of silver. Silver certificates were in circulation as a medium of exchange for the U.S. economy during two periods, 1878 to 1923 and 1928 to 1957. A similar form of paper currency is gold certificates.
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WHITE GULLIBON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a crowded estate auction looking to buy either software that won't crash your computer or any book written by Stephan King. Be on the lookout for poorly written technical manuals.
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The first paper currency used in North America was pasteboard playing cards "temporarily" authorized as money by the colonial governor of French Canada, awaiting "real money" from France.
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"No man, for any considerable time, can wear one face to himself and another to the multitude without finally getting bewildered as to which may be true." -- Nathanial Hawthorne, Author
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BAE
Bureau of Agricultural Economics
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