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ACCOUNTING COST: The actual outlays or expenses incurred in production that shows up a firm's accounting statements or records. Accounting costs, while very important to accountants, company CEOs, shareholders, and the Internal Revenue Service, is only minimally important to economists. The reason is that economists are primarily interested in economic cost (also called opportunity cost). That fact is that accounting costs and economic costs aren't always the same. An opportunity or economic cost is the value of foregone production. Some economic costs, actually a lot of economic opportunity costs, never show up as accounting costs. Moreover, some accounting costs, while legal, bonified payments by a firm, are not associated with any sort of opportunity cost.
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CONSTANT-COST INDUSTRY A perfectly competitive industry with a horizontal long-run industry supply curve that results because expansion of the industry causes no change in production cost or resource prices. A constant-cost industry occurs because the entry of new firms, prompted by an increase in demand, does not affect the long-run average cost curve of individual firms, which means the minimum efficient scale of production does not change.
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RED AGGRESSERINE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a garage sale seeking to buy either a cross-cut paper shredder or a birthday greeting card for your father. Be on the lookout for florescent light bulbs that hum folk songs from the sixties.
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Three-forths of the gold mined each year is used to manufacture jewelry.
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"There is no passion to be found playing small ‚ in settling for a life that idles than the one you are capable of living." -- Nelson Mandela
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OPEC
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
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