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PARETO EFFICIENCY: A type of efficiency that results if one person can not be made better off without making someone else worse off. Named after Vilfredo Pareto, this criterion is the guiding theoretical notion of efficiency used in the study of economics, especially welfare economics. Pareto efficiency is generally not attained if some resources are idle or unemployed. By engaging idle resources in production, some people can have more production without reducing that available to others. A problem with Pareto efficiency, however, is that it is based on the existing distribution of income and wealth. This is one of two noted efficiency criteria used in economics. The other is Kaldor-Hicks efficiency.
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KINKED-DEMAND CURVE ANALYSIS An analysis using the kinked-demand curve to explain rigid prices often found with oligopoly. The kinked-demand curve contains two distinct segments--one for higher prices that is more elastic and one for lower prices that is less elastic. Key to this analysis is that the corresponding marginal revenue curve contains three segments--one associated with the more elastic segment, one associated with the less elastic segment, and one associated with the kink. A profit-maximizing firm can then equate marginal cost to a wide range of marginal revenue values along the vertical segment of the marginal revenue curve. This suggests that marginal cost must change significantly before an oligopolistic firm is inclined to change price.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time calling an endless list of 800 numbers trying to buy either a flower arrangement for that special day for your mother or a New York Yankees baseball cap. Be on the lookout for spoiled cheese hiding under your bed hatching conspiracies against humanity.
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Much of the $15 million used by the United States to finance the Louisiana Purchase from France was borrowed from European banks.
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"You can't use up creativity. The more you use, the more you have. " -- Maya Angelou, poet
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IBF
International Banking Facility
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