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PARETO EFFICIENCY: A type of efficiency that results if one person can not be made better off without making someone else worse off. Named after Vilfredo Pareto, this criterion is the guiding theoretical notion of efficiency used in the study of economics, especially welfare economics. Pareto efficiency is generally not attained if some resources are idle or unemployed. By engaging idle resources in production, some people can have more production without reducing that available to others. A problem with Pareto efficiency, however, is that it is based on the existing distribution of income and wealth. This is one of two noted efficiency criteria used in economics. The other is Kaldor-Hicks efficiency.
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FACTOR MARKET, EFFICIENCY A factor market achieves efficiency in the allocation of resources by equating marginal revenue product to factor price. Perfect competition, as the efficiency benchmark, is the only market structure to satisfy this criterion and achieve factor market efficiency. Monopsony, oligopsony, and monopsonistic competition are inefficient because they equate marginal revenue product to marginal factor cost, both of which are greater than factor price.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store wanting to buy either a genuine down-filled snow parka or throw pillows for your living room sofa. Be on the lookout for small children selling products door-to-door.
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Three-forths of the gold mined each year is used to manufacture jewelry.
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"Success is more a function of consistent common sense than it is of genius. " -- An Wang, industrialist
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L/C
Letter of Credit
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