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TAX INCIDENCE: The ultimate payment of a tax. Many taxes are initially paid by one person, but passed along through production and consumption activities until it finally reaches someone else. An obvious example is the sales tax. While officially paid by the retail store (they write the check to the government), it's tacked on to the prices paid by consumers. Consumers, thus, bear the lion's share of most sales taxes. The incidence of other taxes is not quite so obvious. Some taxes are paid by producers early in production such as severance taxes on oil extraction without the knowledge of consumers, who end up paying through higher prices. As a general rule taxes are passed through the system until they reach someone (usually consumers) who can pass it no further.
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LAW OF DIMINISHING MARGINAL RETURNS A principle of short-run production stating that as a firm combines more of a variable input with a fixed input, the marginal product of the variable input eventually declines. This is THE economic principle underlying the analysis of short-run production for a firm. It offers an explanation for the law of supply and the positive slope of the market supply curve.
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PINK FADFLY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time touring the new suburban shopping complex wanting to buy either an AC adapter that works with your MPG player or rechargeable batteries. Be on the lookout for crowded shopping malls.
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Cyrus McCormick not only invented the reaper for harvesting grain, he also invented the installment payment for selling his reaper.
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"You can't build a reputation on what you are going to do." -- Henry Ford, automaker
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