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ZERO-BASE BUDGET: A method of budgeting expenditures in which each expenditure is justified on its overall merits rather than being based on the budget for the previous year. A zero-base budget is most often proposed (but seldom implemented) for governments. Governments generally establish budget expenditures based on expenditures for the previous year. If, for example, budget expenditures last year were $100 billion, the requested budget for this year might be set at $110 billion. The existing $100 billion is a "given" and only the extra $10 billion is justified. With a zero-base budget, the entire $110 billion is justified.
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EXCHANGE RATE POLICIES Policies undertaken by domestic governments often in conjunction with international financial organizations to control exchange rates through foreign exchange markets. The three most common exchange rate policies are flexible exchange rates, fixed exchange rates, and managed flexible exchange rates. Flexible exchange rates are allowed to adjust through unrestrained forces of demand and supply in the foreign exchange market. Fixed exchange rates are established at a given level. Managed flexible exchange rates are allowed to change within boundaries, but subject to control if they change too much.
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GRAY SKITTERY
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching for rummage sales looking to buy either a half-dozen helium filled balloons or a packet of address labels large enough for addresses of both the sender and the recipient. Be on the lookout for defective microphones.
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More money is spent on gardening than on any other hobby.
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"Opportunities are usually disguised as hard work, so most people don't recognize them." -- Ann Landers, columnist
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