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GRESHAM'S LAW: A principle stating that bad money drives good money out of circulation. For this law to apply an economy clearly needs two types of money, one considered good and the other considered bad. Good and bad money in this context has nothing to do with the propensity to torture small animals or attempts at world domination. Good and bad are based on the official value in exchange versus value in use. Gold and silver, which were both used as money in the U.S. Economy in the 1800s, provides an illustration. Silver took on the role of "bad money" because it was relatively less value in use than gold. As such, people used silver as everyday money and stockpiled, or hoarded, gold. The silver bad money drove the gold good money out of circulation.
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AGGREGATE EXPENDITURES LINE A graphical depiction of the relation between aggregate expenditures by the four macroeconomic sectors (household, business, government, and foreign) and the level of aggregate income or production. In Keynesian economics, the aggregate expenditures line is the essential component of the Keynesian cross analysis used to identify equilibrium income and production. Like any straight line, the aggregate expenditures line is characterized by vertical intercept, which indicates autonomous expenditures, and slope, which indicates induced expenditures. The aggregate expenditures line used in Keynesian economics is derived by adding or stacking investment, government purchases, and net exports to the consumption line.
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RED AGGRESSERINE
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through mail order catalogs seeking to buy either a how-to book on wine tasting or a bookshelf that will fit in your closet. Be on the lookout for florescent light bulbs that hum folk songs from the sixties.
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The earliest known use of paper currency was about 1270 in China during the rule of Kubla Khan.
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"When we do the best that we can, we never know what miracle is wrought in our life, or in the life of another." -- Helen Keller
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IRT
International Trade Commission
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