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LAW OF DIMINISHING MARGINAL UTILITY: The principle stating that as more of a good is consumed, eventually each additional unit of the good provides less additional utility--that is, marginal utility decreases. Each subsequent unit of a good is valued less than the previous one. The law of diminishing marginal utility helps explain the negative slope of the demand curve and the law of demand.
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SHORTAGE A condition in the market in which the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied at the existing price. Because buyers are unable to buy as much of the good as they want, a shortage generally causes an increase in the market price, which then acts to restore equilibrium. A shortage, which also goes by the terms excess demand and sellers' market, is one of two basic states of disequilibrium for the market. The other is surplus.
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GREEN LOGIGUIN
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time surfing the Internet trying to buy either a pair of designer sunglasses or looseleaf notebook paper. Be on the lookout for strangers with large satchels of used undergarments.
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A thousand years before metal coins were developed, clay tablet "checks" were used as money by the Babylonians.
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"For a writer, published works are like fallen flowers, but the expected new work is like a calyx waiting to blossom." -- Cao Yu, Playwright
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ITO
International Trade Organization
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