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FISCAL YEAR: The 12-month period government uses for collecting taxes, appropriating spending, and otherwise tabulating its budget. A government's fiscal year need not be identical to the standard January to December calendar year. The fiscal year used by the U.S. Federal government, for example, runs from October through September. State and local governments often have fiscal years running from July through June. For most governments, the fiscal year is self-contained spending period. The revenue appropriated to a government agency needs to be spent during the fiscal year.
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TAX EFFECTS The primary reason that governments collect taxes from members of society is to finance government operations and provide public goods. However, taxes also create disincentives to engage in the taxed activity, which causes a change in the allocation of resources. This two consequences of taxes are summarized in two essential tax effects -- the revenue effect and the allocation effect. While all taxes have both, the key to effective government is minimize the allocation effect if the goal is to generate revenue and to minimize the revenue effect if the goal is to change the allocation of resources.
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BLUE PLACIDOLA
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time browsing through a long list of dot com websites seeking to buy either a really, really exciting, action-filled video game or a coffee cup commemorating the moon landing. Be on the lookout for slow moving vehicles with darkened windows.
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The average bank teller loses about $250 every year.
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"The vacuum created by failure to communicate will quickly be filled with rumor, misrepresentations, drivel and poison. " -- C. Northcote Parkinson, historian
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