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ZERO-BASE BUDGET: A method of budgeting expenditures in which each expenditure is justified on its overall merits rather than being based on the budget for the previous year. A zero-base budget is most often proposed (but seldom implemented) for governments. Governments generally establish budget expenditures based on expenditures for the previous year. If, for example, budget expenditures last year were $100 billion, the requested budget for this year might be set at $110 billion. The existing $100 billion is a "given" and only the extra $10 billion is justified. With a zero-base budget, the entire $110 billion is justified.
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VOTING RULES The guidelines followed by groups of individuals or members of society when making collective or joint decisions that involve casting formal indications of choice (that is, votes). The five most noted voting rules are majority, super majority, unanimity, plurality, and weighted. These rules determine if a choice is or is not approved by the voting group. Voting rules are important for the study of public choice and government inefficiencies that arise in the voting process due to the median voter, logrolling, and the voting paradox.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time driving to a factory outlet seeking to buy either a New York Yankees baseball cap or a solid oak entertainment center. Be on the lookout for letters from the Internal Revenue Service.
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In the late 1800s and early 1900s, almost 2 million children were employed as factory workers.
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"Far and away the best prize that life has to offer is the chance to work hard at work worth doing." -- Theodore Roosevelt, 26th US president
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BJE
Bell Journal of Economics
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