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EXCESS RESERVES: The amount of bank reserves over and above those that the Federal Reserve System requires a bank to keep. Excess reserves are what banks use to make loans. If a bank has more excess reserves, then it can make more loans. This is a key part of the Fed's ability to control the money supply. Using open market operations, the Fed can add to, or subtract from, the excess reserves held by banks. If the Fed, for example, adds to excess reserves, then banks can make more loans. Banks make these loans by adding to their customers' checking account balances. This is of some importance, because checking account balances are an major part of the economy's money supply. In essence, controlling these excess reserves is the Fed's number one method of "printing" money without actually printing money.
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ALTERNATIVE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES The official unemployment rate estimated and reported monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) using data from Current Population Survey is one of six alternative measures of unemployment tracked and reported by the BLS, officially labeled sequentially U1 through U6. The "official" unemployment rate is U3. The other five measures seek to document different ways in which labor can be under utilized, including unemployment duration, job losers, discouraged workers, marginal workers, and part-time workers.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store seeking to buy either rechargeable batteries or a rechargeable battery for your computer. Be on the lookout for fairy dust that tastes like salt.
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In the Middle Ages, pepper was used for bartering, and it was often more valuable and stable in value than gold.
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"Be civil to all; sociable to many; familiar with few; friend to one; enemy to none. " -- Benjamin Franklin, statesman
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AIFT
American Institute for Foreign Trade
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