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MARGINAL COST CURVE: A curve that graphically represents the relation between marginal cost incurred by a firm in the short-run product of a good or service and the quantity of output produced. This curve is constructed to capture the relation between marginal cost and the level of output, holding other variables, like technology and resource prices, constant. The marginal cost curve is U-shaped. Marginal cost is relatively high at small quantities of output, then as production increases, declines, reaches a minimum value, then rises. This shape of the marginal cost curve is directly attributable to increasing, then decreasing marginal returns (and the law of diminishing marginal returns).
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MARKET FAILURES Imperfections in the exchange process between buyers and sellers that prevent markets from efficiently allocating scarce resources. Market failures come in four varieties -- public goods, market control, externalities, and imperfect information. Market efficiency is achieved if the value of goods produced is equal to the value of foregone production. Markets fail when this efficiency condition is not achieved. Such failures can only be corrected by government intervention.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time driving to a factory outlet seeking to buy either one of those memory foam pillows or a remote controlled train set. Be on the lookout for florescent light bulbs that hum folk songs from the sixties.
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The 1909 Lincoln penny was the first U.S. coin with the likeness of a U.S. President.
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"Look at everything as though you were seeing it either for the first or last time. Then your time on earth will be filled with glory." -- Betty Smith, Novelist
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APR
Annual Percentage Rate
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