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ENTRY BARRIER: An institutional, government, technological, or economic restriction on the entry of firms into a market or industry. The four primary barriers to entry are: resource ownership, patents and copyrights, government restrictions, and start-up costs. Barriers to entry are a key reason for market control and the inefficiency that this generates. In particular, monopoly, oligopoly, monopsony, and oligopsony often owe their market control to assorted barriers to entry. By way of contrast, perfect competition, monopolistic competition, and monopsonistic competition have few if any barriers to entry and thus little or no market control.
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VARIABLE INPUT An input whose quantity can be changed in the time period under consideration. The most common example of a variable input is labor. Variable inputs provide the means used by a firm to control short-run production. The alternative to variable input is fixed input. A fixed input, like capital, provides the capacity constraint in production. As larger quantities of a variable input, like labor, are added to a fixed input like capital, the variable input becomes less productive, which is the law of diminishing marginal returns.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store looking to buy either a T-shirt commemorating the 2000 Presidential election or a really, really exciting, action-filled video game. Be on the lookout for pencil sharpeners with an attitude.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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The average length of a "business lunch" is about 36 minutes.
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"People of mediocre ability sometimes achieve outstanding success because they don't know when to quit. " -- George Allen, U.S. senator
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JPAM
Journal of Policy Analysis and Management
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