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BUSINESS CYCLES: The recurring expansions and contractions of the national economy (usually measured by real gross domestic product). A complete cycle typically lasts from three to five years, but could last ten years or more. It is divided into four phases -- expansion, peak, contraction, and trough. Unemployment inevitably rises during contractions and inflation tends to worsen during expansions. To avoid the inflation and unemployment problems of business cycles, the federal government frequently undertakes various fiscal and monetary policies.
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LEAKAGES LINE A graphical representation of the relation between the level of aggregate production and one or more leakages. The three leakages (non-consumption uses of the income generated from aggregate production) are saving, taxes, and imports. The leakages line sequentially adds, or layers, each of these three uses of income depending on the number of sectors used in the analysis (two, three, or four). The slope of the leakages line depends on which if any of the uses of income are induced by aggregate production. The leakages line is combined with the injections line (containing investment expenditures, government purchases, and exports) in the Keynesian injections-leakages model.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time browsing through a long list of dot com websites hoping to buy either a birthday gift for your uncle or a pair of red and purple designer socks. Be on the lookout for poorly written technical manuals.
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John Maynard Keynes was born the same year Karl Marx died.
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"To succeed you need to find something to hold on to, something to motivate you, something to inspire you." -- Tony Dorsett, Football player
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