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UTILITY MAXIMIZATION: The process or goal of obtaining the highest level of utility from the consumption or use of goods and services. This is based on the seemingly obvious presumption that people prefer more to less, which is intimately tied to the unlimited wants and needs aspect of scarcity. In other words, because people have unlimited wants and needs, because they always have unfulfilled wants or needs, satisfying these wants and needs is a desirable thing to do.
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ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION Information is not equally available to everyone. Asymmetric information results because efficient information search inevitably stops short of compete information. Some people obtain more benefits from information than others, are willing to incur higher search costs, and thus end up knowing more. Or they incur lower information search costs and have easier access to the information. In a market, sellers tend to have more information about the good than buyers. Asymmetric information gives rise to adverse selection, moral hazard, and the principal-agent problem. These problems can be lessened through signalling and screening.
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Cyrus McCormick not only invented the reaper for harvesting grain, he also invented the installment payment for selling his reaper.
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"We may affirm absolutely that nothing great in the world has been accomplished without passion." -- Hegel
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