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DEFLATION: An extended decline in the average level of prices. This is the exact opposite of inflation--in which prices are rising over an extended period, and it should be contrasted with disinflation--which is a decline in the inflation rate. Like inflation, deflation occurs when the AVERAGE price level decreases over time. While some prices might decrease, other prices could increase or remain unchanged, so long as the AVERAGE follows a downward trend. Deflation is a rare bird indeed in our economy and typically happens only when we're in a prolonged period of stagnation. We might see some deflation during a fairly lengthy recession, but more than likely deflation saves itself for the occasional depression that dots our economic landscape.
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DISEQUILIBRIUM, LONG-RUN AGGREGATE MARKET The state of the aggregate market in which real aggregate expenditures are NOT equal to full-employment real production, which results in an imbalance that induces a change in the price level and aggregate expenditures. In other words, the opposing forces of aggregate demand (the buyers) and aggregate supply (the sellers) are out of balance. At the existing price level, either the four macroeconomic sectors (household, business, government, and foreign) are unable to purchase all of the real production that they seek or producers are unable to sell all of the full-employment real production that they have.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a going out of business sale seeking to buy either a set of tires or a birthday gift for your grandfather. Be on the lookout for slightly overweight pizza delivery guys.
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In the late 1800s and early 1900s, almost 2 million children were employed as factory workers.
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"Progress begins with the belief that what is necessary is possible. " -- Norman Cousins, editor, writer
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EEH
Explorations in Economic History
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