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THE ECONOMIC PROBLEM: Another term for scarcity, which is the pervasive condition of human existence that exists because society has unlimited wants and needs, but limited resources used for their satisfaction. In other words, while we all want a bunch of stuff, we can't have everything that we want (see free lunch). In slightly different words, this scarcity problem means: (1) that there's never enough resources to produce everything that everyone would like produced; (2) that some people will have to do without some of the stuff that they want or need; (3) that doing one thing, producing one good, performing one activity, forces society to give up something else; and (4) that the same resources can not be used to produce two different goods at the same time. We live in a big, bad world of scarcity. This big, bad world of scarcity is what the study of economics is all about. That's why we usually subtitle scarcity: THE ECONOMIC PROBLEM.
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LONG-RUN MARGINAL COST The change in the long-run total cost of producing a good or service resulting from a change in the quantity of output produced. Like all marginals, long-run marginal cost is an increment of the corresponding total. It is the change in long-run total cost divided by, or resulting from, a change in quantity. Long-run marginal cost is guided by returns to scale rather than marginal returns.
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The standard "debt" notation I.O.U. does not mean "I owe you," but actually stands for "I owe unto..."
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"It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it." -- Aristotle
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MRS
Marginal Rate of Substitution
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