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PERFECT COMPETITION, LOSS MINIMIZATION: A perfectly competitive firm is presumed to produce the quantity of output that minimizes economic losses, if price is greater than average variable cost but less than average total cost. This is one of three short-run production alternatives facing a firm. The other two are profit maximization (if price exceeds average total cost) and shutdown (if price is less than average variable cost).
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ADVERSE SELECTION An inefficient, bad, or adverse outcome of a market exchange that results because buyers and/or sellers make decisions based on asymmetric information. This commonly results in a market that exchanges a lesser quality good, what is termed the market for lemons. Two related problems resulting from asymmetric information are moral hazard and the principal-agent problem. Two methods of lessoning the problem of adverse selection are signalling and screening.
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PURPLE SMARPHIN
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time surfing the Internet looking to buy either a birthday gift for your aunt or a pair of leather sandals that won't cause blisters. Be on the lookout for deranged pelicans.
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Approximately three-fourths of the U.S. paper currency in circular contains traces of cocaine.
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"Nothing great has ever been achieved except by those who dared believe that something inside them was superior to circumstances. " -- Bruce Barton, Advertising executive
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CBOE
Chicago Board Options Exchange
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