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POLLUTION RIGHTS MARKET: A market-based system for the exchange of permits or "rights" to release pollution residuals into the environment. These pollution permits would be bought and sold in an organized market not unlike the stock market. Prices would vary according to the forces of supply and demand, allowing individual participants to buy and sell based on their particular circumstances. The total number of permits would be based on the amount of permissible pollution residuals that can be safely released into the environment during a given period of time. These permits could be given away or auction off to potential polluters.
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KINKED-DEMAND CURVE ANALYSIS An analysis using the kinked-demand curve to explain rigid prices often found with oligopoly. The kinked-demand curve contains two distinct segments--one for higher prices that is more elastic and one for lower prices that is less elastic. Key to this analysis is that the corresponding marginal revenue curve contains three segments--one associated with the more elastic segment, one associated with the less elastic segment, and one associated with the kink. A profit-maximizing firm can then equate marginal cost to a wide range of marginal revenue values along the vertical segment of the marginal revenue curve. This suggests that marginal cost must change significantly before an oligopolistic firm is inclined to change price.
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Lewis Carroll, the author of Alice in Wonderland, was the pseudonym of Charles Dodgson, an accomplished mathematician and economist.
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"Only great minds can afford a simple style." -- Stendhal, writer
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TDR
Treasury Deposit Receipt
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