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ASSUMPTIONS, CLASSICAL ECONOMICS: Classical economics, especially as directed toward macroeconomics, relies on three key assumptions--flexible prices, Say's law, and saving-investment equality. Flexible prices ensure that markets adjust to equilibrium and eliminate shortages and surpluses. Say's law states that supply creates its own demand and means that enough income is generated by production to purchase the resulting production. The saving-investment equality ensures that any income leaked from consumption into saving is replaced by an equal amount of investment. Although of questionable realism, these three assumptions imply that the economy would operate at full employment.
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BUSINESS CYCLE PHASES The recurring, but irregular, pattern of business cycles can be divided into two basic phases--expansion and contraction. An expansion is a period of increasing economic activity and a contraction is a period of declining economic activity. These two phases are marked by two transitions. The transition from expansion to contraction is termed a peak and the transition from contraction to expansion is termed a trough. The early portion of an expansion is often referred to as a recovery.
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WHITE GULLIBON
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time calling an endless list of 800 numbers hoping to buy either a hepa filter for your furnace or a wall poster commemorating next Thursday. Be on the lookout for crowded shopping malls.
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Woodrow Wilson's portrait adorned the $100,000 bill that was removed from circulation in 1929. Woodrow Wilson was removed from circulation in 1924.
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"You can't use up creativity. The more you use, the more you have. " -- Maya Angelou, poet
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OMB
Office of Management and Budget
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