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ALLOCATION EFFECT: The goal of imposing taxes to change the allocation of resources, that is, to discourage the production, consumption, or exchange or one type of good usually in favor of another. This is one of two reasons that governments impose taxes. The other reason is the revenue effect. Because people would rather not pay taxes, taxes create disincentives to produce, consume, and exchange. If society deems that less of a particular good, such as alcohol, pollution, or cigarettes are "bad," then a tax can reduce its production and consumption, and thus change the allocation of resources.

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NATURAL SELECTION: The notion that firms best suited to the economic environment on the ones that tend to survive. The natural selection of business firms is an adaptation of the biological process of natural selection, in which biological entities best suited to the natural environment are the ones that survive. The notion of natural section suggests that even if firms do NOT actively, consciously pursue the profit-maximization goal, assuming they do is not necessarily unreasonable. Those firms that approximate the goal of profit-maximization, whether intentionally or accidently, are the ones most likely to survive and remain in business.

     See also | profit maximization | assumption | firm objectives |


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NATURAL SELECTION, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: July 5, 2025].


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EFFICIENCY

Generating the most possible satisfaction from a given amount of resources. Efficiency means that this satisfaction of wants and needs cannot be increased by producing more of one good and less of another. This is one of the five economic goals and one of two microeconomic goals. The other goals are full employment, stability, economic growth, and equity.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time visiting every yard sale in a 30-mile radius wanting to buy either pink cotton balls or a genuine down-filled comforter. Be on the lookout for cardboard boxes.
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In the early 1900s around 300 automobile companies operated in the United States.
"Plans are only good intentions unless they immediately degenerate into hard work."

-- Peter Drucker, management consultant

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