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LABOR AGREEMENT: A formal, official, legal contract between a firm and the labor union representing the firm's employees. Such an agreement stipulates the various aspects of employment, including wages, fringe benefits, vacations, layoffs, promotions, and grievance procedures. The terms of the agreement are generally negotiated through the collective bargaining process. Should the collective bargaining process breakdown, the terms of the labor agreement might be helped along through a third-party mediator. If this doesn't help, then the labor union might call a strike or the firm might impose a lockout. Once in effect, any questions about the terms of the agreement are often subject to arbitration.
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CYCLICAL UNEMPLOYMENT Unemployment attributable to a general decline in macroeconomic activity, especially expenditures on gross domestic product, that occurs during a business-cycle contraction. When the economy dips into a contraction, or recession, aggregate demand declines, so less output is produced and fewer workers and other resources are employed. Hence unemployment of the cyclical variety increases. Cyclical unemployment is one of four unemployment sources. The other three are seasonal unemployment, frictional unemployment, and structural unemployment.
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PURPLE SMARPHIN
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through the yellow pages seeking to buy either a T-shirt commemorating next Thursday or a birthday gift for your uncle. Be on the lookout for poorly written technical manuals.
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Only 1% of the U.S. population paid income taxes when the income tax was established in 1914.
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"Always vote for principle, though you may vote alone, and you may cherish the sweetest reflection that your vote is never lost. " -- John Quincy Adams, 6th US president
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BJE
Bell Journal of Economics
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