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OLIGOPOLY, CONCENTRATION: Oligopoly is a market structure that contains a small number of relatively large firms, meaning oligopoly markets tend to be concentrated. A small number of large firms account for a majority of total output. Concentration unto itself is not necessarily bad, but it often leads to inefficient behavior, such as collusion and nonprice competition. Concentration is measured in three ways--market share, concentration ratio, Herfindahl index.
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PERFECT COMPETITION, LONG-RUN EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS The long-run equilibrium of a perfectly competitive industry generates six specific equilibrium conditions, including: (1) economic efficiency (P = MC), (2) profit maximization (MR = MC), (3) perfect competition (MR = AR = P), (4) breakeven output (P = AR = ATC), (5) minimum production cost (MC = ATC), and (6) minimum efficient scale (MC = ATC = LRAC = LRMC).
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a going out of business sale seeking to buy either a small, foam rubber football or an instructional DVD on learning to the play the oboe. Be on the lookout for spoiled cheese hiding under your bed hatching conspiracies against humanity.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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It's estimated that the U.S. economy has about $20 million of counterfeit currency in circulation, less than 0.001 perecent of the total legal currency.
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"The truth of the matter is that you always know the right thing to do. The hard part is doing it." -- Norman Schwarzkopf, US Army general
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QJE
Quarterly Journal of Economics
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