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COLLUSION AND EFFICIENCY: Colluding oligopolistic firms generally produce less output and charge a higher price than would be the case for a perfectly competitive industry. In essence, colluding oligopolistic firms function just as if a market were monopolized. The price charged by the colluding firms is higher than the marginal cost of production. The equality between price and marginal cost is THE key indication that resources are allocated efficiently and that society's resources are being used to generate the highest possible level of satisfaction. Because the colluding firms control the market like a monopoly, the market demand curve is THE demand curve for the colluding firms's. With a negatively-sloped demand curve, price is greater than marginal revenue. And because a profit-maximizing firm equates marginal revenue with marginal cost, the price charged by the colluding firms when the maximize industry profit is greater than marginal cost.
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LEGAL RESERVES The combination of vault cash and Federal Reserve deposits that banks can legally use to satisfy government reserve requirements. Legal reserves, which can also be considered total reserves, are divided between require reserves and excess reserves. Required reserves are used to back up deposits and process daily transactions, while excess reserves are then available for interest-paying loans.
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RED AGGRESSERINE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time wandering around the shopping mall trying to buy either a pair of gray heavy duty boot socks or a 50-foot blue garden hose. Be on the lookout for malfunctioning pocket calculators.
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The first paper notes printed in the United States were in denominations of 1 cent, 5 cents, 25 cents, and 50 cents.
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"Opportunities are usually disguised as hard work, so most people don't recognize them." -- Ann Landers, columnist
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CRS
Constant Returns to Scale
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