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IMPERFECT COMPETITION: Any markets or industries that do not match the criteria for perfect competition. The key characteristics of perfect competition are: (1) a large number of small firms, (2) identical products sold by all firms, (3) freedom of entry into and exit out of the industry, and (4) perfect knowledge of prices and technology. These four characteristics are essentially impossible to match in the real world.
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KINKED-DEMAND CURVE ANALYSIS An analysis using the kinked-demand curve to explain rigid prices often found with oligopoly. The kinked-demand curve contains two distinct segments--one for higher prices that is more elastic and one for lower prices that is less elastic. Key to this analysis is that the corresponding marginal revenue curve contains three segments--one associated with the more elastic segment, one associated with the less elastic segment, and one associated with the kink. A profit-maximizing firm can then equate marginal cost to a wide range of marginal revenue values along the vertical segment of the marginal revenue curve. This suggests that marginal cost must change significantly before an oligopolistic firm is inclined to change price.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time strolling around a discount warehouse buying club trying to buy either a wall poster commemorating last Friday (you know why) or a country wreathe. Be on the lookout for crowded shopping malls.
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A half gallon milk jug holds about $50 in pennies.
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"My life as a writer consists of 1/8 talent and 7/8 discipline. " -- John Irving, writer
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AFC
Average Fixed Cost
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