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SHORT-RUN PRODUCTION: An analysis of the production decision made by a firm in the short run, with the ultimate goal of explaining the law of supply and the upward-sloping supply curve. The central feature of this short-run analysis is the law of diminishing marginal returns, which results in the short run when larger amounts of a variable input, like labor, are added to a fixed input, like capital. This analysis of short-run production is but the first step in a brisk walk toward a better understanding of supply. Further steps include the cost of short-run production, especially marginal cost, and the market structure in which a firm operates, such as perfect competition or monopoly.
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SURPLUS A condition in the market in which the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied at the existing price. Because sellers are unable to sell as much of the good as they want, a surplus generally causes a decrease in the market price, which then acts to restore equilibrium. A surplus, which also goes by the terms excess supply and buyers' market, is one of two basic states of disequilibrium for the market. The other is shortage.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time going from convenience store to convenience store hoping to buy either a set of hubcaps or handcrafted decorations to hang on your walls. Be on the lookout for small children selling products door-to-door.
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One of the largest markets for gold in the United States is the manufacturing of class rings.
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"Time is the scarcest resource, and unless it is managed nothing else can be managed." -- Peter F. Drucker
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ECLA
Economic Commission for Latin America
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