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ENTRY BARRIERS: Institutional, government, technological, or economic restrictions on the entry of firms into a market or industry. The four primary barriers to entry are: resource ownership, patents and copyrights, government restrictions, and start-up costs. Barriers to entry are a key reason for market control and the inefficiency that this generates. In particular, monopoly, oligopoly, monopsony, and oligopsony often owe their market control to assorted barriers to entry. By way of contrast, perfect competition, monopolistic competition, and monopsonistic competition have few if any barriers to entry and thus little or no market control.
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EIGHT-FIRM CONCENTRATION RATIO The proportion of total output in an industry produced by the eight largest firms in an industry. This is one of two common concentration ratios. The other is the eight-firm concentration ratio. Another related measure is the Herfindahl index. The eight-firm concentration ratio is commonly used to indicate the degree to which an industry is oligopolistic and the extent of market control held by the eight largest firms in the industry.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time touring the new suburban shopping complex wanting to buy either a set of steel-belted radial snow tires or a wall poster commemorating the 2000 Presidential election. Be on the lookout for empty parking spaces that appear to be near the entrance to a store.
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The 22.6% decline in stock prices on October 19, 1987 was larger than the infamous 12.8% decline on October 29, 1929.
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"My motto was always to keep swinging. Whether I was in a slump or feeling badly or having trouble off the field, the only thing to do was keep swinging. " -- Hank Aaron, baseball player
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FHLBB
Federal Home Loan Bank Board
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