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DIAMOND-WATER PARADOX: The perplexing observation that water, which is more useful than diamonds, has a lower price. If price is related to utility, how can this occur? This paradox was first proposed by classical economists in the 19th century and was subsequently used as a stepping stone for developing the notion of marginal utility and the role it plays in the demand price of a good. The paradox is magically cleared up with an understanding of marginal utility and total utility. People are willing to pay a higher price for goods with greater marginal utility. As such, water which is plentiful has enormous total utility, but a low price because of a low marginal utility. Diamonds, however, have less total utility because they are less plentiful, but a high price because of a high marginal utility.
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INDUCED CONSUMPTION Household consumption expenditures that depend on income or production (especially disposable income, national income, or even gross domestic product). That is, changes in income induce changes in consumption. Induced consumption captures the fundamental psychological law put forth by John Maynard Keynes. It is measured by the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) and is reflected by the positive slope of consumption line. The alternative to induced consumption is autonomous consumption, which does not depend on income.
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PINK FADFLY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through the yellow pages hoping to buy either a handcrafted bird house or a weathervane with a chicken on top. Be on the lookout for spoiled cheese hiding under your bed hatching conspiracies against humanity.
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Much of the $15 million used by the United States to finance the Louisiana Purchase from France was borrowed from European banks.
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"Difficulty is the excuse history never accepts. " -- Edward R. Murrow, News broadcaster
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R&D
Research and Development
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