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SHUTDOWN RULE, MONOPOLY: The marginal revenue and marginal cost approach to analyzing a monopoly firm's short-run production decision can be used to identify circumstances in which a firm minimizes losses by shutting down production in the short run. If the market price falls below average total cost, it must decide if the economic loss from producing the quantity of output that equates marginal revenue and marginal cost is more or less than the economic loss incurred with shutting down production in the short run (which is equal to total fixed cost).
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PERFECT COMPETITION An ideal market structure characterized by a large number of small firms, identical products sold by all firms, freedom of entry into and exit out of the industry, and perfect knowledge of prices and technology. This is one of four basic market structures. The other three are monopoly, oligopoly, and monopolistic competition. Perfect competition is an idealized market structure that is not observed in the real world. While unrealistic, it does provide an excellent benchmark that can be used to analyze real world market structures. In particular, perfect competition efficiently allocates resources.
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Mark Twain said "I wonder how much it would take to buy soap buble if there was only one in the world."
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"Try not to become a man of success but rather to become a man of value. " -- Albert Einstein
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T-BOND
Treasury Bond
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