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INDUCED CHANGE: A change in aggregate expenditures, especially consumption expenditures, that is "induced" or triggered by a change in national income or gross domestic product. Induced changes form the foundation for the multiplier effect, which is set in motion by autonomous changes in aggregate expenditures. In terms of Keynesian economics and the Keynesian cross diagram, induced changes are seen as a movement along in the aggregate expenditures line. This two step process, autonomous changes causing induced changes, is key to explaining business cycle fluctuations.
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PRINCIPLE OF MINIMUM DIFFERENCES A principle stating that monopolistically competitive firms seek to maintain similarities between products at the same time they promote differences. Similarities enable substitutability, such that one firm can attract the buyers away from other firms. Differences enable uniqueness and market control, such that each firm has market control and is able to charge a higher price than achieved with perfect competition. This principle is also termed Hotelling's paradox.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time wandering around the downtown area trying to buy either a weathervane with a cow on top or a box of multi-colored, plastic paper clips. Be on the lookout for empty parking spaces that appear to be near the entrance to a store.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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John Maynard Keynes was born the same year Karl Marx died.
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"Nobody can be successful unless he loves his work. " -- David Sarnoff, TV pioneer
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RJE
RAND Journal of Economics
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