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J CURVE: An interesting relationship that exists between the exchange rate for a nation's currency and its balance of trade. In principle, the drop in a nation's exchange rate, or price of currency, makes the currency less expensive to "buy." With "cheaper" currency the price of domestic production is less and the price of foreign stuff is more, causing an increase in exports to other countries and drop in imports coming in from foreign producers. The economy thus moves in the direction away from a trade deficit and toward a trade surplus. However, the first few months after a drop in the exchange rate the balance of trade goes in the other direction, with any existing trade deficit increasing or any trade surplus shrinking. This occurs because the quantities imported and exported don't change in the short run, but the prices do. Because more is paid for the same amount of imported goods and receive less for the same amount of exports, total spending on imports increases, total revenue received from exports declines, and the movement is in the trade deficit direction. Once those quantities start adjusting in the long run, then we see a movement in the direction of a trade surplus.
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FISCAL POLICY Control over government spending and taxes by a central government which is used to stabilize business cycles, reduce unemployment and inflation, and promote economic growth. In the United States fiscal policy is primarily undertaken at the federal level through acts of Congress and actions by the President. However, state and local governments also undertake fiscal policy to stabilize their local macroeconomies. The government sector has three alternative tools in the use of fiscal policy--government purchases, taxes, and transfer payments. An alternative to fiscal policy is monetary policy.
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PINK FADFLY [What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time lost in your local discount super center trying to buy either a how-to book on fine dining or a coffee cup commemorating the first day of winter. Be on the lookout for malfunctioning pocket calculators. Your Complete Scope
This isn't me! What am I?
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The wealthy industrialist, Andrew Carnegie, was once removed from a London tram because he lacked the money needed for the fare.
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"The work of the individual still remains the spark that moves mankind forward. " -- Igor Sikorsky, aeronautical engineer
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ILO International Labor Office
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