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EQUILIBRIUM QUANTITY: The quantity exchanged between buyers and sellers when a market is in equilibrium. The equilibrium quantity is simultaneously equal to both the quantity demanded and quantity supplied, which means that there is no shortage nor surplus in the market. This is, in fact, the prime criterion for market equilibrium. If buyers are able to buy all of the good they're willing and able to buy (no shortage) and sellers are able to sell all of the good they're willing and able to sell (no surplus), then neither side of the market is inclined to change the existing terms of trade. And that's equilibrium.
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MARKET FAILURES Imperfections in the exchange process between buyers and sellers that prevent markets from efficiently allocating scarce resources. Market failures come in four varieties -- public goods, market control, externalities, and imperfect information. Market efficiency is achieved if the value of goods produced is equal to the value of foregone production. Markets fail when this efficiency condition is not achieved. Such failures can only be corrected by government intervention.
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GREEN LOGIGUIN
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a garage sale hoping to buy either a desktop calendar with all federal and state holidays highlighted or a half-dozen helium filled balloons. Be on the lookout for broken fingernail clippers.
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The word "fiscal" is derived from a Latin word meaning "moneybag."
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"It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it." -- Aristotle
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JIE
Journal of Industrial Economics
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